ASTM D8114-23a PDF
1.1This test method covers an engine test procedure for the measurement of the effects of automotive engine oils on the fuel economy of passenger cars and light-duty trucks with gross vehicle weight 3856 kg or less. The tests are conducted using a specified spark-ignition engine with a displacement of 3.6 L (General Motors)4 on a dynamometer test stand. It applies to multi-viscosity oils used in these applications.
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1Exceptions-Where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, and single source supply equipment specifications. Additionally, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) is measured in kilogram per kilowatt hour.
1.3This test method is arranged as follows:
Subject Section Introduction Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Test Method 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus 6 General 6.1 Test Engine Configuration 6.2 Laboratory Ambient Conditions 6.3 Engine Speed and Torque Control 6.4 Dynamometer 6.4.1 Dynamometer Torque 6.4.2 Engine Cooling System 6.5 External Oil System 6.6 Fuel System 6.7 Fuel Flow Measurement 6.7.2 Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to the Fuel Flow Meter 6.7.3 Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to Engine Fuel Rail 6.7.4 Fuel Supply Pumps 6.7.5 Fuel Filtering 6.7.6 Engine Intake Air Supply 6.8 Intake Air Humidity 6.8.1 Intake Air Filtration 6.8.2 Intake Air Pressure Relief 6.8.3 Temperature Measurement 6.9 Thermocouple Location 6.9.5 AFR Determination 6.10 Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.11 Exhaust Manifolds 6.11.1 Laboratory Exhaust System 6.11.2 Exhaust Back Pressure 6.11.3 Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Locations 6.12 Engine Oil 6.12.2 Fuel to Fuel Flow Meter 6.12.3 Fuel to Engine Fuel Rail 6.12.4 Exhaust Back Pressure 6.12.5 Intake Air 6.12.6 Intake Manifold Vacuum/Absolute Pressure 6.12.7 Coolant Flow Differential Pressure 6.12.8 Crankcase Pressure 6.12.9 Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus 6.13 Test Engine Configuration 6.13.1 ECU (Power Control Module) 6.13.2 Thermostat Block-Off Adapter Plate 6.13.3 Wiring Harness 6.13.4 Thermostat Block-Off Plate 6.13.5 Oil Filter Adapter Plate 6.13.6 Modified Throttle Body Assembly 6.13.7 Fuel Rail 6.13.8 Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to Engine Operation 6.14 Reagents and Materials 7 Engine Oil 7.1 Test Fuel 7.2 Engine Coolant 7.3 Cleaning Materials 7.4 Preparation of Apparatus 8 Test Stand Preparation 8.2 Engine Preparation 9 Cleaning of Engine Parts 9.2 Engine Assembly Procedure 9.3 General Assembly Instructions 9.3.1 Bolt Torque Specifications 9.3.2 Sealing Compounds 9.3.3 Harmonic Balancer 9.3.5 Thermostat 9.3.6 Coolant Inlet 9.3.7 Oil Filter Adapter 9.3.8 Dipstick Tube 9.3.9 Sensors, Switches, Valves, and Positioners 9.3.10 Ignition System 9.3.11 Fuel Injection System 9.3.12 Intake Air System 9.3.13 Engine Management System 9.3.14 Accessory Drive Units 9.3.15 Exhaust Manifolds 9.3.16 Engine Flywheel and Guards 9.3.17 Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.3.18 Engine Mounts 9.3.19 Non-Phased Camshaft Gears 9.3.20 Internal Coolant Orifice 9.3.21 Calibration 10 Stand/Engine Calibration 10.1 Procedure 10.1.1 Reporting of Reference Results 10.1.2 Analysis of Reference/Calibration Oils 10.1.3 Instrument Calibration 10.2 Engine Torque Measurement System 10.2.3 Fuel Flow Measurement System 10.2.4 Coolant Flow Measurement System 10.2.5 Thermocouple and Temperature Measurement System 10.2.6 Humidity Measurement System 10.2.7 Other Instrumentation 10.2.8 Test Procedure 11 External Oil System 11.1 Flush Effectiveness Demonstration 11.2 Preparation for Oil Charge 11.3 Initial Engine Start-Up 11.4 New Engine Break-In 11.5 Oil Charge for Break-In 11.5.2 Break-In Operating Conditions 11.5.3 Standard Requirements for Break-In 11.5.4 Routine Test Operation 11.6 Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures 11.6.1 Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures 11.6.2 Test Operating Stages 11.6.3 Stabilization to Stage Conditions 11.6.4 Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle 11.6.5 BLB1 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Run 1 11.6.6 BSFC Measurement of BLB1 Oil Before Test Oil Run 2 11.6.7 BLB2 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Oil 11.6.8 BSFC Measurement of BLB2 Oil Before Test Oil 11.6.9 Percent Delta Calculation for BLB1 vs. BLB2 11.6.10 Test Oil Flush Procedure 11.6.11 Test Oil Aging, Phase I 11.6.12 BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase I) Test Oil 11.6.13 Test Oil Aging, Phase II 11.6.14 BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase II) Test Oil 11.6.15 Oil Consumption and Sampling 11.6.16 Flush Procedure for BL Oil (BLA) After Test Oil 11.6.17 General Test Data Logging Forms 11.6.18 Diagnostic Review Procedures 11.6.19 Determination of Test Results 12 Final Test Report 13 Precision and Bias 14 Keywords 15 Annexes ASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization Annex A1 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4 Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus Annex A5 Oil Heater Bolton 255 Refill Procedure Annex A6 Engine Part Number Listing Annex A7 Safety Precautions Annex A8 Sequence VIE Test Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A9 Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviations Annex A10 Determining the Oil Sump Full Level and Consumption Annex A11 Fuel Injection Evaluation Annex A12 Pre-test Maintenance Checklist Annex A13 Blow-by Ventilation System Requirements Annex A14 Calculation of Test Results Annex A15 Calculation of Un-weighted Baseline Shift Annex A16 Non-Phased Cam Gear and Position Actuator Installation and
GM Short Block Assembly Procedure Annex A17 Procedure Procurement of Test Materials Annex A18 Alternate Fuel Approval Requirements Annex A19 Appendix Useful Information Appendix X1
1.4This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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